英語コロケーションガイド：動詞別48の必須コロケーション
コロケーションとは、ネイティブスピーカーが自然に使う単語の組み合わせです。文法ルールと違って推測できません — チャンクとして覚える必要があります。学習者の定番の罠は「make vs do」です：どちらも「行う」という意味ですが、make a decision（決定する）とdo homework（宿題をする）のように使い分けます。下で検索するか、基本動詞でフィルタリングしてください。
48 collocations · 6 verbs
"make a decision"
decide formally
"She made a decision to quit her job."
"make progress"
move forward; improve
"The students are making great progress this term."
"make a mistake"
do something wrong
"Everyone makes mistakes when learning a language."
"make sense"
be logical or understandable
"Does this explanation make sense to you?"
"make an effort"
try hard
"You need to make more of an effort to arrive on time."
"make a difference"
have a significant effect
"One good teacher can make a real difference in a child's life."
"make a suggestion"
propose an idea
"Could I make a suggestion about the meeting agenda?"
"make an appointment"
schedule a meeting or visit
"I need to make an appointment with the dentist."
"do homework"
complete school assignments at home
"Have you done your homework yet?"
"do research"
investigate or study a topic systematically
"She spent three years doing research on climate change."
"do business"
trade or conduct commercial activities
"Our company does business in over 40 countries."
"do damage"
cause harm or destruction
"The storm did serious damage to the coastline."
"do a favour"
help someone by doing something for them
"Could you do me a favour and watch my bag?"
"do exercise"
engage in physical activity
"The doctor said I should do more exercise."
"do well"
succeed or perform at a good level
"She did really well in the interview."
"do the dishes"
wash the plates and cups after eating
"It's your turn to do the dishes tonight."
"have a meeting"
attend or hold a formal discussion
"We have a meeting with the client on Thursday."
"have fun"
enjoy yourself
"Did you have fun at the party last night?"
"have experience"
possess knowledge or skill from past events
"She has extensive experience working abroad."
"have a break"
stop working and rest for a short time
"Let's have a break and get some coffee."
"have a conversation"
talk with someone
"I had a really interesting conversation with my neighbour."
"have trouble"
face difficulties or problems
"I'm having trouble understanding this grammar rule."
"have a look"
examine or observe something
"Can you have a look at this report before I send it?"
"have an impact"
produce a noticeable effect
"Social media has had a huge impact on modern communication."
"take a break"
stop an activity temporarily to rest
"You've been working for hours — take a break!"
"take action"
do something to address a situation
"The government needs to take action on pollution immediately."
"take notes"
write down key information while listening
"Remember to take notes during the lecture."
"take responsibility"
accept that you are accountable for something
"A good leader takes responsibility for their team's mistakes."
"take a risk"
do something that might have a bad outcome
"Starting a new business always involves taking a risk."
"take part"
participate in an activity or event
"Over 200 students took part in the competition."
"take advice"
accept and follow guidance given by someone
"I decided to take my doctor's advice and rest for a week."
"take time"
require or use a period of time
"Learning to speak fluently takes a lot of time and patience."
"get better"
improve or recover from illness
"I hope you get better soon!"
"get married"
enter into a marriage
"They got married in a small ceremony by the sea."
"get lost"
become unable to find your way
"We got lost on our way to the hotel."
"get permission"
receive authorisation to do something
"You need to get permission from the manager first."
"get dressed"
put on your clothes
"I get dressed and have breakfast every morning at 7."
"get a job"
successfully obtain employment
"After months of searching, she finally got a job."
"get ready"
prepare yourself for something
"Get ready — the taxi will be here in ten minutes."
"get angry"
become annoyed or furious
"He got really angry when he heard the news."
"give advice"
offer guidance or recommendations
"A good mentor gives advice without making you feel judged."
"give a speech"
deliver a formal talk to an audience
"She gave a powerful speech at the graduation ceremony."
"give permission"
allow someone to do something
"The school gave permission for the students to leave early."
"give up"
stop trying; abandon an effort
"Don't give up — you're almost there!"
"give a presentation"
deliver information formally to a group
"He gave an excellent presentation on renewable energy."
"give a chance"
allow an opportunity
"Please give me another chance to prove myself."
"give support"
help or encourage someone
"Her family gave her a lot of support during the difficult time."
"give an example"
provide a specific instance to illustrate a point
"Could you give an example of what you mean?"
よくある質問
英語のコロケーションとは何ですか？
コロケーションとは、頻繁に一緒に使われ、ネイティブスピーカーにとって自然に聞こえる単語のペアまたはグループです。例えば、"make a decision"は正しいですが、"do a decision"は不自然に聞こえます — どちらの動詞も「行う」という意味にもかかわらず。コロケーションは厳密な文法ルールではなく、使用習慣によって決まります。
コロケーションを学ぶことが流暢さに重要な理由は何ですか？
流暢な話者は言語を単語単位ではなくチャンクとして処理します。"take responsibility"と"give advice"が固定チャンクであることを知っていれば、各フレーズをゼロから構築することなく瞬時に使えます。このチャンクベースの処理が、上級学習者とネイティブレベルの話者の主な違いです。
MAKEとDOのコロケーションの違いは何ですか？
"Make"は通常、何かを作ったり生み出したりすること（make a decision、make progress、make a mistake）を指し、"do"は活動やタスクを実行すること（do homework、do research、do damage）を指します。論理的なルールはありません — これらを固定コロケーションとして覚える必要があります。ただし、このガイドのように並べて比較することで、違いを覚えやすくなります。
コロケーションはいくつ覚える必要がありますか？
オックスフォードコロケーション辞典には15万以上のコロケーションが掲載されています。しかし研究によると、最も頻繁な500〜1,000のコロケーション — 特に最もよく使われる10の動詞を中心としたもの — を知ることで、自然な英語の大部分をカバーできます。このガイドの6つの動詞から始めてください：make、do、have、take、get、give。
コロケーションを練習する最良の方法は何ですか？
最も効果的なアプローチは、コロケーションを文脈の中で繰り返し出会うことです — ポッドキャスト、映画、自分のレベルに合った会話など、実際に話されている英語を聞くことで。"make a decision"を自然な文脈で5〜10回聞くと、それは記憶の中に単一の単位として保存されます。リストの暗記は、大量の理解可能なインプットへの露出よりはるかに効果が低いです。
コロケーションを内面化する最速の方法は、実際の英語会話の中でそれらを聞くことです。
実際の動画で練習する →