英語の上級前置詞：必須フレーズ48例と実例解説
前置詞は小さな単語ですが、その働きは大きいです。名詞・代名詞・フレーズをつなぎ、時間・場所・原因・論理関係を表します。上級学習者は「in, on, at」を超えて、自然な英語に欠かせない複数語フレーズをマスターする必要があります。このガイドでは6つのカテゴリにわたる48の必須フレーズを解説します。以下から検索またはフィルタリングしてください。
48 items · 6 topics
"at noon"
at exactly 12:00 midday
"The ceremony begins at noon sharp."
"on the eve of"
on the day or evening immediately before an event
"He resigned on the eve of the election."
"by the end of"
no later than the conclusion of a period
"Please submit the report by the end of the week."
"within three days"
before three days have passed
"The package will arrive within three days."
"in the course of"
during the process or progress of
"Several problems emerged in the course of the investigation."
"throughout the year"
during every part of the entire year
"The museum is open throughout the year."
"prior to departure"
before leaving
"All passengers must check in prior to departure."
"as of Monday"
starting from Monday and continuing forward
"As of Monday, the new policy will be in effect."
"adjacent to"
next to and sharing a boundary with
"The hotel is adjacent to the conference centre."
"in the vicinity of"
in the area surrounding; near
"There are several good restaurants in the vicinity of the station."
"on the outskirts of"
on the outer edge or border of a city or area
"They built a new factory on the outskirts of town."
"beneath the surface"
below the top layer or visible level
"Valuable minerals lie beneath the surface of the earth."
"across from"
directly on the other side from
"The café is directly across from the library."
"amid the crowd"
surrounded by or in the middle of a group
"She spotted her friend amid the crowd at the festival."
"beyond the border"
on the far side of the boundary
"Conditions beyond the border were difficult to assess."
"at the junction of"
at the point where two things meet or cross
"Turn left at the junction of Oak Street and Fifth Avenue."
"due to bad weather"
because of bad weather; caused by it
"The flight was cancelled due to bad weather."
"owing to the delay"
as a result of the delay
"Owing to the delay, we missed the connecting train."
"on account of"
because of; as a consequence of
"On account of his illness, he was absent from work."
"for the sake of"
in order to benefit or preserve something
"She held her tongue for the sake of family peace."
"in light of"
taking this information or situation into consideration
"In light of the new evidence, the verdict was overturned."
"out of curiosity"
motivated by a desire to know or learn
"Out of curiosity, she opened the old diary."
"by virtue of"
because of a particular quality, position, or achievement
"He gained entry by virtue of his diplomatic passport."
"as a result of"
because of; following directly from
"As a result of the merger, two hundred jobs were lost."
"by means of"
using something as a method or tool
"He escaped by means of a rope ladder."
"in accordance with"
following the rules, wishes, or instructions of
"The contract was drafted in accordance with local law."
"with great care"
using a high level of attention and precision
"She packed the paintings with great care."
"via satellite"
using a satellite as the medium of transmission
"The broadcast was transmitted via satellite."
"on foot"
by walking rather than using transport
"We explored the old town on foot."
"in writing"
expressed or communicated through written words
"All complaints must be submitted in writing."
"through negotiation"
by the process of discussing and reaching agreement
"The dispute was settled through negotiation."
"at a glance"
with a single quick look; immediately and easily
"You can see the key statistics at a glance."
"in terms of"
with regard to a particular aspect or quality
"In terms of cost, the second option is better."
"with respect to"
regarding; in relation to
"I have a question with respect to the deadline."
"apart from"
except for; in addition to
"Apart from a minor delay, the trip went smoothly."
"in spite of"
without being affected by; despite
"In spite of the rain, they continued the outdoor concert."
"regardless of"
without being influenced by; no matter what
"Regardless of the outcome, we gave our best effort."
"in favour of"
in support of; preferring
"The committee voted in favour of the proposal."
"in contrast to"
compared to something to highlight a difference
"In contrast to last year, profits have risen sharply."
"on behalf of"
as a representative of; in the interest of
"I am writing on behalf of the entire team."
"in the wake of"
as a consequence of; following closely after
"Security was tightened in the wake of the incident."
"at the expense of"
causing harm or loss to something else
"Speed was prioritised at the expense of quality."
"in exchange for"
as a trade or replacement for something
"She tutored him in exchange for free accommodation."
"on the verge of"
very close to doing or experiencing something
"The company is on the verge of bankruptcy."
"in the absence of"
when something or someone is not present or available
"In the absence of clear guidelines, confusion arose."
"at the mercy of"
having no power against; completely dependent on
"The small boat was at the mercy of the waves."
"in the midst of"
in the middle of; surrounded by
"He answered the phone in the midst of an argument."
"on the grounds of"
because of; citing as justification
"The case was dismissed on the grounds of insufficient evidence."
よくある質問
英語で前置詞が「上級」とはどういう意味ですか？
基本的な前置詞（in, on, at, to, for）は単純な時間と場所をカバーします。上級前置詞とは「in the wake of」「on the grounds of」「by virtue of」のような複数語フレーズです。微妙な論理的意味を持ち、学術文章・ジャーナリズム・専門的な会話に頻繁に登場します。これらをマスターすることが、有能に聞こえることとネイティブのように聞こえることの違いです。
「due to」と「owing to」の違いは何ですか？
両方とも原因を表しますが、「due to」は伝統的に連結動詞の後に来て名詞を修飾します（"The delay was due to fog"）。「owing to」は動詞を修飾する副詞句を導きます（"Owing to fog, the flight was delayed"）。現代の使用では多くのネイティブスピーカーが互換可能として扱いますが、フォーマルな文章では依然として区別されます。
前置詞句を効率よく学ぶにはどうすればよいですか？
最も効果的な方法は、本物の素材を通じた言語入力です。リストを暗記するのではなく、英語の新聞を読んだりポッドキャストを聴いたりして、前置詞句が特定の名詞や動詞とどのように組み合わさるかを観察してください。例えば「on the verge of」はほぼ常に危機・崩壊・突破口の前に来ます。
なぜネイティブスピーカーは前置詞を省略することがあるのですか？
非公式な英語では、固定表現で前置詞を省略することがよくあります。例えば「I'll call you Monday」（「on Monday」の代わりに）はアメリカ英語で一般的です。これらはカジュアルな会話での自然な省略であり、誤りではありませんが、フォーマルな文章では使用すべきではありません。
文を前置詞で終わらせてよいですか？
はい。前置詞で文を終えてはいけないという「ルール」は、英語をラテン語に基づいてモデル化した17世紀の文法学者に由来する規範的な迷信です。ネイティブスピーカーは自然に「What are you looking for?」「This is the hotel I stayed at.」と言います。不自然な語順は堅苦しく聞こえ、現代のほとんどの編集者には拙いスタイルとみなされます。
本物の英語を聴くことが、上級前置詞を直感的にする最速の方法です。
本物の英語会話で前置詞を聴く →