英語の接続語完全ガイド：48の例文で学ぶ
接続語は英語をまとめる接着剤です。アイデアの関係を示します — 情報を追加するのか、対比を示すのか、結果を説明するのか、結論を導くのか。このガイドでは、機能別に整理した48の主要接続語を解説しています。以下の検索やフィルタータブで必要なものをすぐに見つけられます。
48 items · 6 topics
"Furthermore"
Used to add a stronger or more important point
"The results were promising. Furthermore, the cost was lower than expected."
"Moreover"
In addition to what has been said; used to reinforce a point
"The plan saves time. Moreover, it reduces errors significantly."
"In addition"
As well as something already mentioned
"In addition to English, she speaks French and German."
"Besides"
Apart from; also
"Besides being cheaper, the new model is also lighter."
"What is more"
Used to emphasise an extra point
"The hotel was beautiful. What is more, the service was excellent."
"Not only … but also"
Used to add emphasis to two related facts
"Not only did he finish on time, but he also came in under budget."
"As well as"
In addition to; together with
"As well as writing reports, she handles all client communications."
"On top of that"
In addition to everything already mentioned
"The project was late. On top of that, the final cost doubled."
"However"
Despite what has just been said; on the other hand
"The report looks good. However, there are a few figures to double-check."
"Nevertheless"
In spite of that; used to introduce a surprising continuation
"The weather was terrible. Nevertheless, the event was a great success."
"On the other hand"
Used to introduce a contrasting view or fact
"Living in a city is convenient. On the other hand, it can be very stressful."
"Although"
Even though; in spite of the fact that
"Although the exam was hard, most students passed with high marks."
"Even though"
Despite the fact that; used for strong contrasts
"Even though she trained for months, she did not win the race."
"In contrast"
When compared with something that is clearly different
"Sales rose in Europe. In contrast, they fell sharply in Asia."
"Whereas"
While on the contrary; used to highlight a difference
"Tom prefers working in the morning, whereas Anna works best at night."
"Despite this"
Without being affected by the mentioned fact
"There was strong opposition. Despite this, the law was passed."
"Therefore"
As a result of what has been said; for that reason
"The data was incomplete. Therefore, the study could not be published."
"As a result"
Because of something that has just been mentioned
"They cut their advertising budget. As a result, sales dropped by 20%."
"Consequently"
As a direct result; used in more formal writing
"The factory closed. Consequently, hundreds of workers lost their jobs."
"Thus"
In this way; as a result — used in formal or academic writing
"The temperature dropped below zero, thus freezing the pipes overnight."
"Hence"
For this reason; therefore — formal and concise
"The medicine was expired. Hence, it was not prescribed to patients."
"So"
With the result that; therefore — common in spoken English
"It was raining heavily, so we decided to stay indoors."
"For this reason"
Because of the previously mentioned cause
"Communication broke down. For this reason, the deal fell through."
"This led to"
This caused a particular result or situation
"The company expanded too quickly. This led to serious cash flow problems."
"For example"
Used to introduce an illustration of a general point
"Many fruits are high in vitamin C. For example, oranges contain over 50 mg per fruit."
"For instance"
As one case among others; similar to "for example"
"There are several options. For instance, you could take the train or hire a car."
"Such as"
Like; for example — used within a sentence
"Outdoor activities such as hiking, cycling, and swimming are great for fitness."
"In particular"
Especially; used to highlight a specific example
"I enjoyed the trip, and in particular, the visit to the old city centre."
"To illustrate"
To give a specific example that makes a point clearer
"To illustrate, consider what happens when interest rates rise by just 1%."
"Namely"
That is to say; specifically — used to name examples
"Two departments will be restructured, namely Finance and Human Resources."
"Including"
Used to give one or more items as part of a larger group
"The package covers all travel costs, including flights and airport transfers."
"As a case in point"
As a relevant and clear example of what was just stated
"Remote work has grown rapidly — last year's data is a case in point."
"If"
On the condition or supposition that something is true
"If you study regularly, your English will improve much faster."
"Unless"
Except on the condition that; if … not
"You will not pass the exam unless you practise speaking every day."
"Provided that"
On the condition that; used in formal writing
"You may leave early, provided that you finish the report first."
"As long as"
On condition that; while something remains true
"As long as the budget is approved, we can start in January."
"In case"
Because of the possibility that something might happen
"Save your work frequently in case the system crashes."
"Supposing that"
If we imagine or assume that something is true
"Supposing that the merger goes ahead, what happens to current staff?"
"On condition that"
Only if a specific requirement is met
"He agreed to help on condition that he received a share of the profits."
"Whether or not"
Regardless of which of two possibilities is true
"Whether or not you agree, the decision has already been made."
"In conclusion"
Used to introduce the final summary of an essay or speech
"In conclusion, the evidence strongly supports a shift to renewable energy."
"To sum up"
To briefly summarise what has been said
"To sum up, all three approaches have clear advantages and limitations."
"Overall"
Taking everything into account; when considering all aspects
"Overall, the project was a success despite the early setbacks."
"In summary"
Giving a concise account of the main points
"In summary, the new policy will reduce costs and improve efficiency."
"All in all"
Considering all aspects together
"All in all, it was one of the most productive meetings we have had this year."
"On balance"
After considering everything; taking the pros and cons into account
"On balance, the benefits of the proposal outweigh the risks."
"Ultimately"
In the end; after all considerations have been made
"Ultimately, the success of the project depends on team commitment."
"To conclude"
Used to signal the final point in a formal piece of writing
"To conclude, I would like to thank everyone who contributed to this research."
よくある質問
英語の接続語とは何ですか？
接続語（コネクティブ、つなぎ言葉、談話標識とも呼ばれます）は、文内および文間のアイデアをつなぐ単語やフレーズです。アイデアの関係を示します — 追加（furthermore）、対比（however）、原因（therefore）、例示（for example）など。正しく使うことで、文章や話し言葉がはるかに明確で説得力のあるものになります。
「however」と「although」の違いは何ですか？
「however」は文頭や節の先頭で対比を導入する文連結語です：「The plan sounds good. However, the cost is too high.」「although」は一つの文の中で二つの節をつなぐ従位接続詞です：「Although the plan sounds good, the cost is too high.」どちらも対比を表しますが、文法的な位置が大きく異なります。
アカデミックライティングに向いている接続語はどれですか？
アカデミックエッセイやレポートには、よりフォーマルな接続語が適しています：「furthermore」「moreover」「nevertheless」「consequently」「thus」「in contrast」「to conclude」は学術的な文体に合っています。フォーマルな文章では「also」や「so」を文頭に置くのは避けましょう。「however」や「therefore」はどのレベルでも使えます。
エッセイで接続語はどのくらい使うべきですか？
量より質が大切です。接続語を使いすぎると文章が機械的でぎこちなくなります。良い目安は、読者が新しい文が前の文とどう関係するか迷いそうなときに使うことです。すべての段落を「Furthermore」で始める必要はありません。目的を持って使い、繰り返しを避けるために種類を変えましょう。
話し言葉でも接続語を使えますか？
もちろんです。ネイティブスピーカーは会話で接続語を頻繁に使いますが、「so」「but」「also」「though」「I mean」など短くてカジュアルなものを好む傾向があります。「nevertheless」や「in contrast」のような長い表現はフォーマルなプレゼンやディベートで多く見られます。英語のポッドキャストや動画を聞くことは、接続語が実際の会話でどのように自然に流れるかを吸収する最良の方法の一つです。
本物の会話の中で接続語を聞くことが、ライティングとスピーキングで自然に使えるようになる最速の方法です。
本物の英語動画で練習する →