英語前置詞ガイド：in/on/at・移動・動詞コロケーション完全解説
前置詞は小さな単語ですが、非常に大きな影響を持ちます。"on Monday"と"in Monday"の違いは、すぐにネイティブかどうかを見分けます。このガイドでは、すぐに使える実例とともに、最も重要な前置詞パターンを解説します。
48 items · 6 topics
"in the morning"
during the morning hours
"I always exercise in the morning."
"on Monday"
on a specific day of the week
"The meeting is on Monday at 10 a.m."
"at noon"
at exactly 12:00 p.m.
"Let's meet at noon for lunch."
"in January"
during the month of January
"It snows heavily in January here."
"on the weekend"
during Saturday and Sunday
"We usually hike on the weekend."
"at night"
during the night hours
"She studies at night when it's quiet."
"in 2024"
during the year 2024
"The project launched in 2024."
"on Christmas Day"
on the 25th of December
"Families gather on Christmas Day."
"in the office"
inside the office building
"She is in the office all day today."
"on the table"
on the surface of the table
"Your keys are on the table."
"at the station"
at a specific point or location
"I'll meet you at the station."
"in London"
inside or within the city of London
"He has lived in London for five years."
"on the wall"
attached to or touching the wall surface
"There is a painting on the wall."
"at the corner"
at a precise point where two lines meet
"The café is at the corner of Main Street."
"in the park"
inside the park area
"The children are playing in the park."
"on the bus"
inside a bus (travelling on it)
"I read the news on the bus every morning."
"go to the shop"
move in the direction of the shop
"I need to go to the shop for milk."
"run through the park"
move from one side to the other side of the park
"She runs through the park every evening."
"walk across the bridge"
move from one side to the other of the bridge
"We walked across the bridge at sunset."
"climb up the stairs"
move upward along the stairs
"He climbed up the stairs to the third floor."
"fall down the slope"
move downward along the slope
"The skier fell down the slope and stopped."
"jump over the fence"
move above and past the fence
"The dog jumped over the fence into the garden."
"drive along the coast"
move following the length of the coast
"We drove along the coast for an hour."
"fly into the city"
enter the city by air
"The flight flies into the city at dawn."
"depend on"
rely on or be determined by something
"Success depends on hard work and patience."
"apologize for"
say sorry for a mistake or offence
"She apologized for being late to the meeting."
"agree with"
share the same opinion as someone
"I completely agree with your assessment."
"listen to"
pay attention to a sound or speaker
"Always listen to your teacher carefully."
"look for"
search or try to find something
"I'm looking for my passport — have you seen it?"
"think about"
direct your thoughts toward something
"I need time to think about your offer."
"believe in"
have faith or confidence in something
"He believes in the power of education."
"suffer from"
experience something unpleasant
"Many city residents suffer from air pollution."
"interested in"
having curiosity or enthusiasm about something
"She is very interested in marine biology."
"afraid of"
frightened or worried about something
"He has always been afraid of heights."
"good at"
skilled or talented in an activity
"My sister is really good at chess."
"proud of"
feeling pleasure from an achievement
"They are very proud of their daughter's results."
"responsible for"
accountable for something
"Each team member is responsible for one section."
"different from"
not the same as something else
"This version is quite different from the original."
"familiar with"
having knowledge or experience of something
"Are you familiar with this software?"
"satisfied with"
content or pleased with something
"I'm not fully satisfied with the results yet."
"arrive in vs. arrive at"
"in" for cities/countries; "at" for specific places
"We arrived in Paris and went straight to the café at the airport."
"at the end vs. in the end"
"at the end" = final part of something; "in the end" = finally/eventually
"At the end of the film, the hero wins. In the end, everything worked out."
"on time vs. in time"
"on time" = punctual; "in time" = before a deadline
"The train left on time. We arrived in time to catch it."
"marry vs. get married to"
never say "marry with" — use "marry" or "get married to"
"She married her college friend. He got married to a doctor."
"by car vs. in a car"
"by" for mode of transport; "in" when speaking of a specific vehicle
"I travel by car. I left my phone in the car."
"in the newspaper vs. on TV"
print media uses "in"; broadcast/screens use "on"
"I read about it in the newspaper and later saw it on TV."
"at the end of the street"
"at" marks the terminal point of a street
"The pharmacy is at the end of the street."
"good at vs. good for"
"good at" = skilled; "good for" = beneficial
"She's good at maths. Vegetables are good for you."
よくある質問
時間を表すin・on・atのルールは？
"in"は長い期間に使います（in the morning, in January, in 2024）。"on"は特定の曜日や日付に使います（on Monday, on 5th March, on Christmas Day）。"at"は正確な時刻や固定表現に使います（at noon, at night）。
動詞の後にどの前置詞を使うかはどうやって分かりますか？
動詞+前置詞の組み合わせ（コロケーション）は暗記するしかありません。論理的でないことが多いです。よく使われるものには、depend on・apologize for・agree with・listen to・look forなどがあります。固定フレーズとして覚えるのが最善の方法です。
"arrive in Paris"と"arrive at the airport"の違いは何ですか？
"arrive in"は都市や国など広い地域に使います——その地域に入るからです。"arrive at"は空港・駅・建物など特定の場所に使います——特定の地点に到着するからです。
"on time"と"in time"の違いは何ですか？
"on time"は時間通り、つまりスケジュールされた正確な時刻を意味します。"in time"は何かをするのに十分早い、または期限までに間に合うことを意味します。この二つを混同するのは最も多い前置詞ミスの一つです。
"different from"・"different to"・"different than"のどれが正しいですか？
三つとも使われますが、"different from"がイギリス英語・アメリカ英語の両方で最も広く認められており、フォーマルな文章では最も安全な選択です。"different to"はイギリス英語の口語でよく見られ、"different than"はアメリカ英語でより一般的です。
自然なスピーチの中で前置詞を聞くことが、それを自動化する最速の方法です。
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