PHRASAL VERBS GUIDE

英語句動詞48選:トピック別必須表現完全ガイド

句動詞は動詞と前置詞・副詞の組み合わせで、単語ごとに意味を予測できません。自然な英語のいたるところに登場します。検索機能やテーマフィルターを使って48個すべてを探索してください。

48 items · 6 topics

移動と方向

"move on"

stop dwelling on something and progress to something new

"It was a tough breakup, but she's finally managed to move on."

移動と方向

"go back"

return to a place, time, or previous state

"I'd love to go back to Italy someday — the food was incredible."

移動と方向

"turn around"

rotate to face the other direction; or reverse a bad situation

"The new CEO managed to turn the company around in just two years."

移動と方向

"head off"

leave or depart, often at the start of a journey

"We're heading off at 6 a.m. to beat the traffic."

移動と方向

"come back"

return to a place or a previous condition

"He came back from holiday completely refreshed and full of energy."

移動と方向

"pass by"

go past a place or person without stopping

"I pass by the bakery every morning, which makes dieting very difficult."

移動と方向

"drive off"

leave in a vehicle; also to repel someone

"She waved goodbye, got in the car, and drove off down the road."

移動と方向

"set off"

begin a journey; or cause something to start (e.g. an alarm)

"We set off at dawn to reach the summit before noon."

仕事と生産性

"carry out"

perform or complete a task or plan

"The engineers carried out a full safety inspection of the bridge."

仕事と生産性

"take on"

accept new work, responsibility, or an employee

"She took on three new clients last month and is already overwhelmed."

仕事と生産性

"follow up"

check on progress or pursue something further after an initial action

"I sent the proposal last week — I should follow up with them today."

仕事と生産性

"come up with"

produce an idea, plan, or solution

"The marketing team came up with a brilliant concept for the campaign."

仕事と生産性

"put off"

delay or postpone something; or make someone lose interest

"Stop putting off the report — the deadline is tomorrow morning."

仕事と生産性

"hand in"

submit work or a document to someone in authority

"Please hand in your expense reports by the end of the week."

仕事と生産性

"sort out"

solve a problem or organise something

"Can you sort out the printer issue before the client presentation?"

仕事と生産性

"wrap up"

finish or conclude something, especially a meeting or project

"Let's wrap up the meeting — we've covered everything on the agenda."

コミュニケーションと人間関係

"get along (with)"

have a friendly, harmonious relationship with someone

"I really get along with my new flatmate — we have the same sense of humour."

コミュニケーションと人間関係

"catch up (with)"

talk with someone you have not seen recently to share news

"Let's grab a coffee and catch up — it's been months!"

コミュニケーションと人間関係

"fall out (with)"

have an argument and stop being on good terms with someone

"They fell out over a misunderstanding and haven't spoken since."

コミュニケーションと人間関係

"make up"

reconcile after a quarrel or argument

"They argued badly but made up the next morning over breakfast."

コミュニケーションと人間関係

"reach out (to)"

contact someone, especially to offer help or ask for support

"Don't hesitate to reach out to me if you ever need advice."

コミュニケーションと人間関係

"open up"

become willing to share feelings, thoughts, or secrets

"It took years before he felt comfortable enough to open up about his past."

コミュニケーションと人間関係

"talk over"

discuss something thoroughly with someone

"We need to talk this decision over before we commit to anything."

コミュニケーションと人間関係

"cut off"

interrupt someone speaking; or stop contact with someone completely

"She cut off her toxic friend after years of one-sided support."

感情と精神状態

"cheer up"

become or cause someone to feel happier and more positive

"She bought him flowers to cheer him up after a difficult week."

感情と精神状態

"calm down"

become less angry, upset, or excited; or help someone do so

"Take a deep breath and calm down — we can solve this together."

感情と精神状態

"freak out"

become very scared, anxious, or overwhelmed; lose control emotionally

"He completely freaked out when he saw the spider on the ceiling."

感情と精神状態

"bottle up"

suppress or hide emotions instead of expressing them

"She always bottles up her feelings, which isn't healthy in the long run."

感情と精神状態

"choke up"

become so emotional that you cannot speak normally

"He choked up during his wedding speech and had to pause for a moment."

感情と精神状態

"let down"

disappoint someone who had expectations or faith in you

"I promised I'd be there, and I don't want to let you down."

感情と精神状態

"act up"

behave badly or cause trouble, often from frustration or stress

"The kids always act up when they're overtired and hungry."

感情と精神状態

"wind down"

relax gradually after a period of stress or activity

"I like to wind down before bed by reading for half an hour."

学びと発見

"figure out"

understand or solve something through thinking

"It took me a while, but I finally figured out how to use the software."

学びと発見

"look up"

search for information in a book, dictionary, or online

"If you don't know a word, look it up in a dictionary before guessing."

学びと発見

"find out"

discover or learn a fact or piece of information

"I only found out about the exam change this morning — nobody told me!"

学びと発見

"read up on"

study a subject thoroughly, especially by reading

"Before the interview, I read up on the company's history and products."

学びと発見

"pick up"

learn something informally and without effort over time

"She picked up Japanese surprisingly fast just by living in Tokyo."

学びと発見

"work out"

calculate or solve something; or develop in a particular way

"Can you work out how much we each owe for the dinner bill?"

学びと発見

"take in"

absorb and understand information that you are seeing or hearing

"There was so much new information that it was hard to take it all in."

学びと発見

"come across"

find or encounter something unexpectedly

"I came across a fascinating article about black holes while doing research."

日常生活とルーティン

"get up"

rise from bed or a seated position

"I usually get up at 6:30, but I struggle on Monday mornings."

日常生活とルーティン

"turn off"

stop a device or appliance from working by operating a switch

"Please turn off the lights when you leave the room."

日常生活とルーティン

"run out of"

use all of something so there is none left

"We've run out of milk again — can you pick some up on your way home?"

日常生活とルーティン

"tidy up"

clean and organise a space

"We need to tidy up the flat before our guests arrive this evening."

日常生活とルーティン

"put away"

return something to its correct storage place

"Can the children please put away their toys before dinner?"

日常生活とルーティン

"wake up"

stop sleeping and become conscious; or cause someone to do so

"The loud alarm woke me up at 5 a.m. and I could not get back to sleep."

日常生活とルーティン

"drop off"

take someone to a destination by car; or fall asleep

"She dropped off during the film — she must have been exhausted."

日常生活とルーティン

"eat out"

have a meal at a restaurant rather than at home

"We eat out every Friday night as a family — it's our little tradition."

よくある質問

なぜ句動詞は英語学習者にとってこれほど難しいのですか?

句動詞が難しい理由は、「get」や「take」のような一つの基本動詞が異なる前置詞と組み合わさって、何十もの無関係な意味を作り出すからです。「Get up」「get on」「get over」はほとんど関係がありません。確実にマスターする唯一の方法は、文法規則を暗記するのではなく、文脈の中で大量に接触することです。

英語には句動詞がいくつ存在しますか?

推定によると、英語のネイティブには5,000以上の句動詞の組み合わせがあります。しかし、研究によると、頻度の高い200〜300個の句動詞だけで日常の会話や文章の大部分をカバーできます。まずこのページの48個から始めてください。

分離可能な句動詞と分離不可能な句動詞の違いは何ですか?

分離可能な句動詞では、動詞と前置詞の間に目的語を置けます:「turn the TV off」または「turn off the TV」。分離不可能な句動詞では、動詞と前置詞は常に一緒でなければなりません:「come across an idea」。目的語が代名詞の場合、分離可能な動詞は常に分割されます:「turn it off」。

句動詞を最速で学ぶ方法は何ですか?

最も効果的なアプローチは、映画、ポッドキャスト、ネイティブレベルの本などで句動詞を本物の文脈の中で出会うことです。分離したリストを勉強するのではなく。理解可能インプット法は研究で支持されています:句動詞を自然な状況で5〜10回聞いて理解すると、意図的な暗記なしにアクティブな語彙になります。

句動詞は前置詞別(up, down, out)に学ぶべきか、テーマ別に学ぶべきですか?

両方の方法に価値があります。前置詞別の学習はパターンを気づくのに役立ちます — 例えば「up」はしばしば完了や増加を意味します。テーマ別(仕事や感情など)の学習はすぐに使える語彙クラスターを提供します。実践的な流暢さのためにテーマ別グループから始め、その後レベルが上がったら前置詞ベースのパターンを探求することをお勧めします。

句動詞を身につける最速の方法は文脈の中で聴くことです。本物の英語動画が意味を定着させます。

本物の英語動画で句動詞を聴く →